Kyrenia Range
The Kyrenia Range, also known as the Pentadaktylos Mountain Range, is a long, narrow mountain range that stretches across the northern coast of the island of Cyprus. Here are detailed insights into this geological formation:
Geography
- Location: The range runs parallel to the northern coast of Cyprus, extending approximately 160 kilometers from west to east.
- Elevation: The highest peak is Mount Karaman, reaching up to 1,024 meters above sea level.
- Formation: The mountains are composed primarily of limestone, which was formed during the Mesozoic Era, indicating significant tectonic activity in the region's history.
History
- Ancient Times: The Kyrenia Range has been a natural barrier and a source of protection since ancient times. It was known to be home to several Bronze Age settlements, with archaeological sites like Vouni Palace showcasing the historical significance of the area.
- Medieval Period: During the Byzantine and Lusignan periods, the range served as a defensive line with fortifications built on its peaks, notably the St. Hilarion Castle.
- Modern Era: The strategic location of the Kyrenia Range played a role during conflicts in Cyprus, including the 1974 Turkish Invasion of Cyprus.
Flora and Fauna
- Flora: The Kyrenia Range supports diverse flora due to its varying altitude and microclimates. Species include endemic plants like the Cyclamen and rare orchids.
- Fauna: Wildlife includes the Cyprus mouflon, a type of wild sheep, and various bird species, making the area important for biodiversity conservation.
Cultural Significance
- The range has been a source of inspiration for poets, writers, and artists, often depicted in Cypriot art and literature due to its dramatic landscape.
- It features prominently in local folklore and legends, with stories of hidden treasures and mythical beings.
Current Status
- Parts of the range are protected under environmental laws due to its ecological significance.
- The Kyrenia Range also faces challenges from urban development and tourism, which can impact its natural beauty and ecological balance.
Sources
See Also